Brick-kiln



(No Model.)

' N. B. HEAFER.

BRICK KILN.

No. 495,134. Patented Apr. 11, 189s.

@Hamme/1a UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. l

NAPOLEON B. HEAFER, OF BLOOMINGTON, ILLINOIS.

BRICK- SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 495,134, dated April 11, 1893. Application led September 12, 1892. Serial No. 445.663. (No model.) I

T0 @ZZ whom/,it may concern.:

Be it known that I, NAPOLEON B. HEAFER, of the city of Bloomington, in the county of McLean and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Brick-Kilns; and I do hereby declare the following -to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains t make and use the same.

My invention relates to new and im proved means and process of street and road making. I take so much of the soil, earth,or clay, lying on or Within the street or road to be improved as may be necessary,or suited to the purpose, and convertit into a hard burn'ed or vitrilied material which is afterward laid, spread or scattered upon the highway, forming a hard road-bed. The earth, soil or clay so employed 1n such manufacture may be burned without preparation into any particular or general form, or it may be first shaped into blocks, cubes, bricks,or tiles of any size or form, and then applied for the purpose of producing a more perfect, smooth, even and uniform surface.

The operation or manufacture is performed upon, or within the highway to be improved, whereby transportation both of the crude material and also the manufactured article is practically saved. To enable me to do this I employ a kiln especially constructed for the purpose, since such preparation of the earth as may be necessary before burning, may be accomplished in any convenient manner-as for example-by hand or by machinery.

My kiln is hereinafter fully described and afterward definitely pointed out in the claims, due reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, wherein,

Figure l, is a perspective view of my improved'kiln, partially broken away; Fig. 2, a vertical, longitudinal section; Fig. 3, an end view; Fig. 4,a top plan view, partially broken away and Fig. 5, a detail View showing the manner of charging the kiln.

Referring to the drawings the letter A indicates the kiln consisting of side walls et, c,

and top wall a composed of brick or other suitable material and open at the opposite ends. The floor or bottom of the kiln is preferably composed of earth and at suitable intervals is provided with tile or earthenware tubes or conduits B, which at their inner ends communicate with the interior of the kiln and at their outer ends open into the air. If desired the tubes B may be provided with valves or dampers of ordinary construction.

'0. indicates a smoke-stack, which is adapted to be alternately Iitted to said tubes B and is v supported in an uprightl position by means of a tripod D and is also provided with handles VE to facilitate its removal from tube B to another.

F indicates a removable partition which is adapted to be inserted through a suitable slot fin the top of kiln for the purpose more fully hereinafter described.

In charging the kiln the unburned brick are first arranged upon the floor of the kiln, the bricks being loosely arranged in zig-zag courses (or in any other manner), one upon another, as shown at g Fig. 5, for asuitable height and then several courses are laid thereupon in regular, horizontal courses, as at h, slight spaces being left between the ends of the bricks, and nally a quantity of finely broken or slack coal, as shown at t' is placed over the bricks. By laying the second course of bricks regularly, as shown at h Fig. 5, it prevents too much of the coal from falling down between the lower courses of the bricks, but it' desired the coal may be placed over the zig-zag (or otherwise laid) courses of bricks and the regularly laid courses of bricks arranged over the coal,to prevent the heat from escaping. After the kiln has been charged as above described and the coal ignited, the stack C is placed over the outer end of the tube B nearest one end of the kiln and the partition inserted in the slot f nearest the other end. The smoke, heat and products of combustion pass down th rough the bricks and out the stack and after the bricks in this secti )n have been sufficientlyv burned, the stack is moved to the next adjacent tube B, and this operation is repeated until the bricks in each section have been burned. The partition F prevents the smoke and heat from escaping IOC from the end of the kiln and compels the same to pass downwardly through the bricks and out through the stack.

Having described my invention, what I brcks,consstng in arranging upon the floor of a kiln bricks laid in zig-zag courses,1aying several courses of bricks in regular courses above the same, and linally covering` said regularly laid courses with pulverized fuel and causing the products of combustion to pass downwardly through the Whole, substantially as described.-

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscrib ing witnesses.

NAPOLEON B. HEAFER.

/Vitnesses:

R. P. MCNULTA, JOHN A. STERLING. 

